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2018年6月23日托福考试日期临近,各位备战托福考试的考生们,来看看留学监理网小编为大家整理的不同版本的阅读预测机经,放松一下紧张的心情吧!
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{版本1}
Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects — it is estimated that 90 percent of the world's species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information on science and conservation issues such as diversity."
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Perhaps the aspect of butterfly diversity that has received the most attention over the past century is the striking difference in species richness between tropical and temperate regions. For example, in 1875 one biologist pointed out the diversity of butterflies in the Amazon when he mentioned that about 700 species were found within an hour's walk, whereas the total number found on the British islands did not exceed 66, and the whole of Europe supported only 321. This early comparison of tropical and temperate butterfly richness has been well confirmed.
A general theory of diversity would have to predict not only this difference between temperate and tropical zones, but also patterns within each region, and how these patterns vary among different animal and plant groups. However, for butterflies, variation of species richness within temperate or tropical regions, rather man between them, is poorly understood. Indeed, comparisons of numbers of species among the Amazon basin, tropical Asia, and Africa are still mostly "personal communication" citations, even for vertebrates. In other words, unlike comparison between temperate and tropical areas, these patterns are still in the documentation phase.
In documenting geographical variation in butterfly diversity, some arbitrary, practical decisions are made. Diversity, number of species, and species richness are used synonymously;little is known about the evenness of butterfly distribution. The New World butterflies make up the preponderance of examples because they are the most familiar species. It is hoped that by focusing on them, the errors generated by imperfect and incomplete taxonomy will be minimized.
托福阅读题目:
1. Which aspect of butterflies does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) Their physical characteristics
(B) Their names
(C) Their adaptation to different habitats
(D) Their variety
2. The word "consequence" in line 2 is closest in meaning to
(A) result
(B) explanation
(C) analysis
(D) requirement
3. Butterflies are a good example for communicating information about conservation issues
because they
(A) are simple in structure
(B) are viewed positively by people
(C) have been given scientific names
(D) are found mainly in temperate climates
4. The word "striking" in line 8 is closest in meaning to
(A) physical
(B) confusing
(C) noticeable
(D) successful
5. The word "exceed" in line 11 is closest in meaning to
(A) locate
(B) allow
(C) go beyond
(D) come close to
6. All of the following are mentioned as being important parts of a general theory of diversity EXCEPT
(A) differences between temperate and tropical zones
(B) patterns of distribution of species in each region
(C) migration among temperate and tropical zones
(D) variation of patterns of distribution of species among different animals and plants
7. The author mentions tropicalAsia in lines 19 as an example of a location where
(A) butterfly behavior varies with climate
(B) a general theory of butterfly diversity has not yet been firmly established
(C) butterflies are affected by human populations
(D) documenting plant species is more difficult than documenting butterfly species
8. Which of the following is NOT well understood by biologists?
(A) European butterfly habitats
(B) Differences in species richness between temperate and tropical regions
(C) Differences in species richness within a temperate or a tropical region
(D) Comparisons of behavior patterns of butterflies and certain animal groups
9. The word "generated" in line 26 is closest in meaning to
(A) requested
(B) caused
(C) assisted
(D) estimated
{版本2}
阅读1
Egypt选都问题,为什么选择了一个叫做Ma的城市
第一段讲的是地理位置上可以控制,可以控制全国,因为位置靠上,对比旧首都。此处有题,细节题,问为什么新首都比旧首都都好。
第二段讲的是从经济贸易上,讲新首都可以统治者控制经济,因为新首都M是经济运输的必经之地。
第三段讲的是这个首都可以提供pasture,为陆贸易提供便利。
第四段讲的是河道的问题
阅读2
农药的使用问题。农药开始使用,可以减少虫害,但是由于虫害的繁殖速度快和可大量繁殖,造成自然选择(是这个意思),同时农药大量杀死predator,但是predator就没有这么幸运了,他们不能大量繁殖,而且毒素通过实物量可以传递到他们身体里,这一点造成了害虫的数量的增加,最后一段提到了California的一种吃cotton害虫,很难控制,因为他们的竞争对手和天敌被农药害死,所以农民不能不极大用农药的量。
阅读3
上石器时代
阅读4
版本1:将sea grass适合什么情况下的海水环境,吸收沉淀物为养分什么的。
版本2:讲egg的进化,一开始是软的外壳,后来因为种种原因壳变硬了。
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2018年6月23日托福预测机经
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